Followings are few tips to recognize Heroin abusers

• Food Habits: The moment a person starts using Heroin, there will be a lot of changes in his food habits. Even their food preferences also change. They start craving for more sweet dishes. The addicts generally have poor appetite and as a result there might be loss in their weight.
• By observing ash trays: Heroin addicts when allowed to smoke at home can be caught by observing their ash trays or the dust bins in their rooms. In order to use heroin they take away some tobacco from their cigarettes and fill it with heroin. So, that you can find some loose and unburnt tobacco there. Even the cigarettes are smoked down to the filter.
• Arms and legs: Needle marks can be found on the arms and legs of the abusers as a sign of injecting the heroin.
• By observing the pupil: One can easily find whether the person is an Heroin abuser or not by this test. In bright light, the pupil of Heroin addicts constricts where as in darkness it dilates. In heroin addicts the pupil becomes very small like a pin point. So, pinpoint pupils in the dark are almost a conclusive sign of Heroin addiction.

These are only few things which we can find among Heroin abusers. By finding few of these symptoms please don’t jump to the conclusion. A little more focused observation can reveal you the facts.

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Following are the different types of group therapies used for treating drug addicts:

Peer Group Therapy:
The most common type of peer group therapy used for treating the drug addicts is the expressive therapy. In this type of therapy the patients are allowed to express their thoughts and feelings, which may be conscious and unconscious and which can’t be orally communicated. By the feelings and the thoughts of the addicts the therapists can know the condition of the patients and this helps the therapists in giving further treatment.

Family Group Therapy:
Family plays an important role in treating a drug addict. Hence, the family is the perfect setting for group therapy. Family therapy has two main goals out of which one goal is, the strengths of the family are integrated to design ways to stop drug abuse. Other goal is to reorganize and counteract the impact of the patient’s dependency on drugs and this also helps to manage the effects of drug addiction on the family.

Culturally Specific Group Therapy:
Bringing the patients who share similar cultures at one place can be very effective way of group therapy. By knowing their shared beliefs, cultural rituals and healing practices helps the counselors in treating the drug addicts.

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Cocaine has the following physiological effects on the human body:

Brain:
As already said cocaine is a central nervous stimulant that interferes with the re absorption process of dopamine, a chemical messenger associated with pleasure and movement. Its major effect is on the functioning of the brain. Cocaine causes seizures and can lead to bizarre or violent behavior.

Heart:
Cocaine constricts the arteries that supplies blood to the heart and they also increase the heart rate and blood pressure. This may also result in the heart strokes. Cocaine can also trigger a deadly abnormal heart rhythm called arrhythmia, killing the person who is abusing the cocaine instantly.

Lungs:
Snorting cocaine damages the nose and sinuses. Smoking crack cocaine irritates the lungs, and in some people, causes permanent lung damage. Regular use of cocaine may also cause nasal perforation.

Kidneys:
Cocaine can cause sudden, overwhelming kidney failure through a process called rhabdomyolysis. In the people suffering with the high blood pressure there is a possibility of increase in the damage of the kidneys if they use cocaine.

Gastrointestinal Tract:
Cocaine constricts blood vessels that supplies blood to the intestine, this may lower the oxygen supply to the intestine which in turn causes ulcers or may even cause perforation of the stomach or intestines.

Sexual Function:
Chronic cocaine use can impair sexual function in men and women. In men, cocaine can cause delayed or impaired ejaculation.

Cocaine as already mentioned has very severe damaging effects on the body, hence its use should be avoided.

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Drug Addiction:
Drug addiction is the condition resulted from repeated abuse of drugs by an individual. Drug addiction results in unconditional desire to consume drugs excessively. This results in psychic and physical dependance on the drug. This addiction has got detrimental effects on the individual and also on the society.

Nicotine Addiction:
Nicotine is psycho active drug consumed mostly by smoking. Due to its euphoric nature it makes the abuser become totally dependent on it. On withdrawing the addiction the abuser is prone to suffer from severe with drawl symptoms. On abusing nicotine, the mood and performance, apart from many serious effects on physical body are suffered by the patients.

Alcohol Addiction:
Habitual intake of alcohol leads to alcohol addiction. This results in damage of liver, heart, brain and other vital organs of the body.

Gambling Addiction:
Gambling addiction is also popular as compulsive gambling. It is like any other addiction and results in biological vulnerabilities, social stress and negative ways of thinking.

Prescription Drugs Addiction:
Prescription drug addiction is caused when the individual uses the prescribed drugs in many other ways to feel better. He becomes totally addicted to them and will constantly crave for them.

Addiction to Work:
A person is a workaholic if he is addicted to work, a workaholic spends lot of time at work sacrificing his health and loved ones for his job. Workaholics are frequently ineffective employees.

Internet Addiction:
Internet addiction is the excessive use of computer or internet that interferes with daily life. This is divided in to sub categories by activity, such as excessive, overwhelming, gaming, online social networking, blogging, email, Internet shopping.

Partnership for a Drug-Free America
It helps parents to learn the signs of drug abuse in their children. Parents are educated with the ways of dealing with drug addicted children. Certain preventive measures are also given for parents regarding drug testing.

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services (SAMHSA)
It is an organization of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Different publications, posters, and videos are provided for people to make them aware of the dangerous effects of drug and alcohol abuse. Information on each drug abuse and its recognition are also provided by SAMHSA.

Foundation for Drug-Free World
It is a non-profit organization and is involved in providing educational materials for youth and adults. Substance-abuse prevention activities, DVD and publications are provided by the Foundation for drug-free world.

Drug Abuse Resistance Education Program (D.A.R.E.)
This is a classroom program led by community police. Students of different grades from kindergarten to 12 are taught about how to withstand peer pressure regarding drug abuse. A relation between police officers and general public is also fostered by the organization.

Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
It offers certain books containing information on prescription and illegal drugs and their effect. Certain role-playing activities and questions are made available for readers through it. Information and links for prevention of drug abuse in young adults and others are also provided.

In addition to these programs, certain drug awareness programs are also conducted by the US Army and other organizations.

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• Always try to be with your teen when any bad situation arises. It is because, it is in those situations that the teens get depressed and may get addicted to drugs.
• Most of the teenagers are addicted to drugs by being in the company of drug abusers. So better make it sure that you know your teen’s friends and their behavior or character in school and society.
• Be connected to your teens after school hours. Make sure that he is kept busy during this time with some extracurricular activity. This could be helpful for improving the both physical and mental strength.
• Ensure that you track the educational record of teens from their school regularly. Also make them know that you are going through their activities at school. Encourage them when they are really doing well.
• Parents should be a role model for their kids. Make you teens understand strong family beliefs against using drugs.
• You should take a careful and an active interest on the deeds of you teens. Most of the teens get addicted to drugs when they feel that they are cared by no one.
• Discuss with your teens about the dangerous health effects of drug abuse.
• You need to enhance self-esteem in you teens. Those with positive self-esteem get motivated to be well responsible and hence are less likely to consume drugs.

In addition, check the symptoms and signs of drug abuse in teens that include poor work performance, hyperactivity, reduced memory, drastic weight loss and anxiety. Use home drug test kits for checking if they had taken drugs. Take them to certain educational programs which make people aware of the effects of drug addiction.

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Reasons for addiction
Every abuser has a different reason for drug abuse or addiction. Mostly to escape from problems, people abuse drugs, and become addicted. Many factors influence the individuals like social environment, person’s biology, and age. Family, friends, life style of individual contribute to drug abuse. Critical stages of life along with genetic, and environmental factors also affect drug addiction susceptibility.

Effects of addiction
Complications of drug addiction are very high and it is like a disease that affects brain, and total functioning of the body. Brain’s communication system is affected with the chemicals present in drugs as they disrupt the process of information flow to nerve cells. Short and long term effects are seen in the abuse due to drug addiction.

• Short term: The chemicals present in the drugs will blow into the brain’s communication system. These chemicals can disturb the functioning of the “reward circuit” of the brain. Many short-term consequences are observed in abuser’s health and avoiding drug abuse can help in overcoming the short-term consequences. Sleeplessness, irritability, anxiety, running nose, nausea, vomiting, muscle pain, depression, headache, dizziness, effects on memory and respiratory problems etc are found with short term drug addiction.

• Long term: Serious long-term effects are found with drug abuse and addiction changes brain chemical system and circuit. These effects can lead from mild itching to coma and to death of the drug abuser. This addiction facilitates the user in experiencing uncontrollable cravings particularly when they see place or person associated with drug. High drug addiction can lead for infectious diseases, breathing related diseases, veins, or nervous collapse, and abuser can even die in minutes in certain situations.

The above addressed information about reasons and effects of drug abuse and addiction can be useful in preventing drug abuse. Prevention programs and educating the people about effects can be helpful in preventing drug abuse and addiction in society. If it is not controlled at right time, these drugs can become masters of abuser’s life. The consequences of addiction of drug can be overwhelming to both the user and to the user’s family members.

Source: DrugAlcoholTest.com

Short term effects: Stomach absorbs the alcohol and moves to the bloodstream and it enters to all the tissues when a person drinks alcohol. According to some factors the effect of alcohol is different, the factors such as persons size, age, weight, sex and alcohol consumed and the amount of food. Talkativeness and dizziness are another effect of moderate alcohol. Disturbed sleep, slurred speech, vomiting, nausea, these are effects of larger amount of alcohol. Some times child abuse and domestic violence,increase the incidents of aggressive act, these are effects of low and moderate alcohol. After large amounts of alcohol another possible effect is hangover. Hangover contains of nausea, headache, thirst, fatigue, dizziness.

Long term effects: There is damage of vital organs like brain and liver when large amount of alcohol is combined with poor nutrition. If pregnancy women take then they may give birth to a baby with fetal alcohol syndrome.
Every organ of drinker’s body is affected by alcohol. Intoxication may harm the motor skills and function of brain. Heavy drink may cause stroke,cancer, liver diseases.

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A role can be played by marijuana in motor vehicle crashes. Because of these drugs many accidents occurred; and according to NIDA study, in many accidents approximately 4 to 14 percent of drivers who were injured and died during driving were tested positive for THC. Alcohol is also one reason for many accidents. The hazards of driving can be more severe when you use marijuana with alcohol. Even a moderate dose of the marijuana will effect the driving negatively, according the study of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

According to study which was conducted in Memphis, Tennessee, it was found by researchers that 33 percent of drivers were tested positive for marijuana and 12 percent were tested positive for both marijuana and cocaine out of 150 reckless drivers who were arrested and tested for drugs.

Marijuana abuse can also result in short term memory. The abused might feel difficult to do even small things. So, driving under marijuana influence has high chances of accidents.

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Barbiturates: They have been popularly used in the first half of the 20th century. Symptoms after using these barbiturates include slurred speech, loss of motor coordination. They are naturally used as sleep aids. Depending upon the dosage, for length of the time the physical, psychological dependence and tolerance of these drugs occur.

Benzodiazepines: They have been produced in the year around 1960’s. They produce less respiratory depression when compared to barbiturates. Its effects include head ache, irritability, confusion, depression and even memory loss. With higher doses it causes sedation, dizziness, confusion. Generally they are used for treating anxiety, relieving pain, lack of sleep.

Even there are sleeping aids which cause sleepiness. They are prescribed by the doctor if the patient is suffering from lack of sleep. According to NIDA (National Institute on Drug Abuse) doctor prescription medicines such as central nervous system depressants are being used for reducing anxiety and treating insomnia.

Depressive disorders affect approximately 18.8 million American adults or about 9.5% of the U.S population age 18 and older in age according to “The numbers count: mental illness in America”. So, in order to free themselves from depression many people are using this type of depressants without any prescription or without any suggestion from the doctor.

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